<p>The Civilian Conservation Corps-Prisoner of War Recreation Hall is a historic building located in Eldora, Iowa, United States. Known as Camp Flying Goose, the Civilian Conservation Corps&#39;  Company 1755 made Eldora their home base in 1933. They constructed this building that year for their use as a barracks while they worked on projects in the area, which included building Upper Pine Lake in Pine Lake State Park. CCC Company 1752, the Erosioners, replaced them two years later, and they built many of the facilities in the park. With the start of World War II, the CCC left the camp. The National Youth Association used the camp from 1940 to 1942.</p><br>
<p>In 1943 the camp became Prisoner of War (POW) Compound #13, and it housed German and Italian POWs until 1945. The prisoners were put to work on farms, in canning factories, doing construction, and other jobs. This building is all that remains of the CCC/POW camp. It is the only CCC camp building that still exists in Iowa, and it houses a museum. The building, which is located on the Hardin County Fairgrounds, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>Kinlough Castle is a tower house and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Caherduff Castle is located 3.2 km southwest of Shrule, on the west bank of the Black River.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The tower is thought to have been constructed in the 13th century AD, although the additional two storeys with corner fireplaces that were subsequently added to it, date from a 1574 remodelling by Sir John MacOliver Burke.</p><br>
<p>There are loops in the battered base, and the entrance has a drawbar slot.</p><br>
<p>The castle was mortgaged to the Blakes in 1629, and leased by them to John Darcy in 1668.</p><br>
<p>The present tower house was built in the 16th century. In a map of 1584 it is described as a "MacWilliam House". "The MacWilliam Eighter", who was then Sir John FitzOliver Burke, lived there in 1574. In 1618 Sir Richard FitzOliver Burke was the tenant and his son, Walter, mortgaged it to Sir Valentine Blake of Menlough, in 1628. Sir Thomas Blake leased it to John Darcy in 1668 and Pierce Joyce purchased the lands in 1852.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Kinlough Castle is four storeys high, with gables at the east and west walls, but no crenellations. There are traces of a bartizan in the west wall. There are also three chimney stacks.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>Today it is a nesting site for the common swift (Apus apus).</p><br>
<p>Château de Druyes is a medieval castle located in Druyes-les-Belles-Fontaines in Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It was built in the 12th century by the Counts of Nevers, and remained in their possession until the 18th century. It was as much a noble residence as it was a fortified castle. It was a frequented dwelling place of Peter II of Courtenay, the Emperor of Constantinople in the 13th century, and his daughter Matilda, Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre.</p><br>
<p>It was later abandoned by the Counts of Nevers. From the 17th century onward, having lost all military and stately importance, it was no longer occupied and slowly deteriorated. It avoided destruction during the French Revolution but it was not until the second half of the 20th century that local residents and authorities became concerned about its fate and made efforts to save it from total ruin.</p><br>
<p>Druyes is part of the first generation of Philippians castles. These castles were built in the time of King Philip Augustus and displayed a simple plan and circular towers. It is built on a square plan of 52 meters wide. The corners are defended by four round towers. Three of the four curtains have a square tower. The north tower is the highest and acts as a fortified entrance gate. A large house, now gone, was located along on the south curtain wall and had Romanesque arched openings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>A village established</h3><br>
<p>While there is no record of the activity at this site during Roman times, it is known that a Roman road passed by. Decades after the fall of the Roman Empire, about 543, a monastery was created and a nearby village grew and Druyes is cited as a parish of Auxerre in 596, under the name of "Drogia". Being close to the Druyes River made the village difficult to defend against invaders. During the time of the Norman invasions of the 9th century, the village was relocated to a more elevated and defensible rocky plateau nearby.</p><br>
<p>At the death of Richard, Duke of Burgundy, the vast territory that he had acquired (including Auxerre and Druyes) was divided. His land to the north, Auxerre and Sens, Hugh the great, duke of the Franks, and subsequently to his sons Otto and Henry in 954. After Henry died in 1002 and his son, Otto-William, was then forced to fight a legal battle against Henry&#39;s nephew, the King of France Robert the Pious for control of Burgundy. King Robert succeeded, however the Count of Nevers took advantage of the period of uncertainty to establish his authority over part of Auxerre, in particular Saint-Sauveur and Druyes. This included the site of the Château de Druyes.</p><br>
<p>From 1032, the counties of Nevers and Auxerre were under the control of Renaud, the Count of Nevers. Druyes, including the site of the Château de Druyes, became a unique location, where the feudal power that extended over the rest of Auxerre (i.e. the bishop of Auxerre) did not apply.</p><br>
<h3>The castle is built and occupied by nobility</h3><br>
<p>It was not until the late 12th century when the Château de Druyes began to appear in writings, however the architect and the exact date of construction are not known. At this time the castle became a common residence of Peter II of Courtenay, cousin to King Philip II by marriage.</p><br>
<p>In 1199, Peter II faced the revolt of a vassal, Hervé IV of Donzy. Peter was defeated and taken prisoner. To regain his freedom, he was forced to give Hervé the county of Nevers as well as his daughter&#39;s hand in marriage (Matilda of Courtenay). It was agreed that the counties of Auxerre and Tonnerre would become the property of Hervé at the death of Peter II.</p><br>
<p>In 1216, at his son&#39;s home in Druyes, Peter II received a delegation of barons who had come to offer him the crown of the Latin Empire of Constantinople. He accepted and was crowned in Rome April 9, 1217. His reign, however, was short lived. He was ambushed by the Greeks in Albania and died in prison during the winter of 1218–1219, having never reached Constantinople.</p><br>
<p>Pursuant to the agreement between Peter II and Hervé, Matilda of Courtenay, Countess of Nevers, inherited the counties of Auxerre and Tonnerre. The Countess was very popular because of her generosity, and she came regularly to stay at the Château de Druyes. During her stay in 1223 she signed a charter, which granted special freedoms to the people of Auxerre.</p><br>
<p>In 1255 in Druyes, Matilda received homage from the Bishop of Autun. At her death in 1257, her great-granddaughter Matilda II de Bourbon became the new Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre.</p><br>
<p>Matilda II died five years later, in 1262, and her husband Odo, Count of Nevers divided the three counties between her daughters Yolande, Margaret and Adelaide. Four years later, Odo is killed during a crusade. The estate was disputed, but a decree of parliament confirmed the division and sharing as per Odo&#39;s wishes. Yolande thus inherited the county of Nevers.</p><br>
<h3>The castle becomes a garrison</h3><br>
<p>After the death of Yolande, Nevers passed to her descendants and heirs, the counts of Flanders who abandoned the Château de Druyes. Consequently, Druyes lost its status as a royal residence and the castle deteriorated and was poorly maintained. The castle became home only to the captain and garrison responsible for its defence, but its military role remained important and it is likely that it was affected by the ravages of the Hundred Years&#39; War. Between 1378 and 1384, the castle was repaired and its defences were strengthened.</p><br>
<p>Over the centuries, the county of Nevers (including the Château de Druyes) passed through the hands of various rulers. The Château de Druyes became a part of the short lived Kingdom of Burgundy, which ended in 1477 with the death of Charles the Bold. Throughout the 16th century the house of Cleves controlled this region. In the mid-17th century, Charles II Gonzaga inherited the territory, but suffered financial problems and he eventually sold the counties of Rethel and Nevers to Cardinal Mazarin in 1659. Mazarin raised the County of Nevers as a duchy-peerage and offered his nephew, Philippe Mancini, the title of Duke of Nevers.</p><br>
<h3>Period of abandonment</h3><br>
<p>The third and last Duke of Nevers, Louis Jules Mancini Mazarini sold the Château de Druyes to Louis Damas, Marquis of Anlezy, in 1738. The Damas family built a modern residence nearby at the end of the 16th century. The last marquis, François Damas invested heavily to beautify the modern housee, the park and gardens. He died in debt. In 1792, the entire estate of François Damas was then offered for sale to pay debts. In 1795, unable to find a buyer, the châteaux were sold in lots for demolition. The Château de Druyes and its neighbouring modern château (of the Damas family) were described as follows:</p><br>
<p>The Château de Druyes became the property of the Tissier d&#39;Entrains family and was later sold to Mr. Girard-Claudion in 1965, and to a Mr. Chastrusse in 1972.</p><br>
<h3>Period of revitalisation</h3><br>
<p>While the Château de Druyes escaped demolition, it nevertheless suffered three centuries of neglect and vandalism. Since 1958, the local population worked to attract attention and save the castle from ruin. Volunteers began to clear brush and accumulated rubble. Between 1960 and 1971, the group Rural Homes of Druyes organized pageants to bring life back to the castle.</p><br>
<p>In 1967, the owners undertook the work of rescue and restoration, in co-operation with the chief architect of monument historique. Thanks to the efforts of Friends of château de Druyes, the castle has been open to visitors since 1981 and has hosted several cultural events.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<h3>The local geography and town</h3><br>
<p>The castle and grounds are built on a high limestone plateau, with a defensive marsh valley dominating the surrounding countryside. On this triangular-shaped hill is a fortified village with towers and gateway, which was the main defense for the castle.</p><br>
<p>The top of the hill is flat and triangular, measuring about 300 meters wide, and surrounded by a wall. The town was typically accessed by a postern (secondary gate), located at the northern tip of the triangle, where the slope is more gentle. The plateau overlooks the valley and its shape made the castle practically impenetrable at the time it was built. The wall was defended by the towers (Bonnon tower or Jean Martin tower) with an outside ditch and a wooden palisade at the more vulnerable areas.</p><br>
<p>The entrance door, which suffered little damage over time, is topped with a terrace and a protective parapet battlement. Additions to the battlements were made to the entrance in the 14th century.</p><br>
<h3>The fortification</h3><br>
<p>Châteaux de Druyes is part of the first generation of Philippians castles, that is, castles built in the time of King Philip Augustus with a simple plan and circular towers that allowed a better defense at low cost.</p><br>
<p>It is built on a square plan of 52 m wide. The corners are defended by four round towers. Three of the four curtain walls have a square tower. The north tower is the highest and served as a gatehouse. A large residence, now gone, was located along the south curtain wall and had Romanesque arched openings.</p><br>
<h4>The curtain walls</h4><br>
<p>The walls have a thickness of about 2 m and a height of 7 m, though the southern curtain that protected the house was 10 m high. There was a walkway on top of the walls that was protected by battlements, which allowed for movement as well as access to the ground from the four towers.</p><br>
<p>With the exception of the south curtain wall, that was defended by an important natural elevation, the other three walls have a square tower in the middle of their walls which reduced the flanking distance to 20 m and allowed crossfiring from the archers and increased protection at the wall base.</p><br>
<h4>The round towers</h4><br>
<p>Round towers at the time of King Phillip were a major innovation in castle construction. A round tower required less stone than a square tower, was more resistant to blows and besieging and had no hidden angles in shooting.</p><br>
<p>At the Chateau de Druyes, the towers at each of the four corner lie mostly outside of the path of the wall, allowing a more effective visual scan of the base of walls and minimizing the threat of undermining.</p><br>
<p>The south towers that frame the house, named the Sault and Beauregard towers, are the highest at 15 m. These 6 m diameter towers were accessed through the court as well as through the first floor of the house. They were probably covered by a battlement-style terrace, and the domed roofs were later replaced with pepperpot-style roofs. One domed roof still remains in good condition.</p><br>
<p>The lower North towers were not accessible from the court, acting more as niches in the wall.</p><br>
<h4>The gatehouse</h4><br>
<p>The gatehouse is a square tower and the tallest tower of the castle at 20 m. It was placed in the middle of the north curtain wall. It is the only gate of the enclosure and was protected by a wooden gate outside, and a double door from the inside. It was reinforced by buttresses whose lower part has been made more massive later. Unlike the rest of the castle, masonry was of good quality, medium-sized brick.</p><br>
<p>The gatehouse acted not only as an important defensive component of the keep, but also as a symbol of feudal power and stately residence.</p><br>
<p>The first floor was a command room: it controlled access to the parapets of the curtain wall with two doors, allowing it to operate the gate as well defended the passage under the porch with three murder-holes. Access from the courtyard was by ladders that were removed in case of siege in order to keep the tower relatively isolated. The second floor was accessed by an internal wooden staircase which housed the winch and the portcullis mechanism. A stone staircase built within the thickness of the wall leads to the terrace. The battlements were not installed until later, probably at the same time as the installation of the postern of the town.</p><br>
<p>In 1762, the battlements were replaced by a wall of large windows and covered with a Classical cornice and a hipped roof. Wishing to have a belfry, the villagers of Druyes obtained authorization of the Marquis of Anlezy to install a clock on the tower and a bell bearing the words: "I belong to the town of Druyes and I have been made at their expense." In 1797, the buyer of the castle wished to dismantle the bell, but was forced to flee after threats of the population.</p><br>
<h4>The other towers</h4><br>
<p>The square tower of the west curtain wall now stands at 12 m, but it was higher initially. It was accessed by a circular path through an arched entrance.</p><br>
<p>The other square tower facing it, housed the apse portion of the chapel, which was adorned with frescoes. The bay-style nave portion of the chapel was covered by an interrupted barrel vault extended into the courtyard. Two open windows in the tower lit the apse, but weakened the defenses of the structure. The columns, moldings and the capital are Romanesque style.</p><br>
<h4>The residence</h4><br>
<p>The stately home, now completely gone, was a large building of 49 m with 12 supports on the south curtain wall, facing the door to the gatehouse. Its foundations and walls were actually built tightly against the south curtain wall. Courtyards separated the other three walls from the residence.</p><br>
<p>The residence included a ground floor with service rooms and apartments, and a noble floor with a large framed ceremonial room with two smaller rooms. The first floor received light by a decorative set of stone windows called a "Romanesque gallery", which is still visible on the south curtain wall. It consists of a succession of semicircular arcs: some are blind, others surround Romanesque twin windows in columns.</p><br>
<p>The corbels (protruding stones) that supported the house beams are still visible and indicate the level of the second floor, which was well below the windows. The entire bottom of the walls therefore remained available for benches, furniture and tapestries.</p><br>
<p>The Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad Station is a former railroad station located west of downtown Columbus, Ohio, known for its "whimsical and unusual" architecture. Built by the Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad in 1895, it served as a passenger station until 1930. It served as an office building for Volunteers of America for many years afterwards, and now serves as a meeting hall for a firefighters union. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Toledo and Ohio Central Railroad built the station in 1895, intending it as a display of the talents of architects Joseph Warren Yost and Frank L. Packard and of the railroad&#39;s prosperity.</p><br>
<p>In 1911, the railroad raised its tracks to eliminate grade crossings. The station was awkwardly modified, with passengers exiting the second story onto an elevated platform. In 1930, service moved to the larger Union Station and the station was abandoned.</p><br>
<p>The next year, Volunteers of America purchased the building and began using it as office space. The Macklin Hotel was demolished in 1955, leaving the station standing without its original context. The station was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It suffered a fire in 1975 which destroyed the roof, but the VoA restored it three years later. The organization moved out of the building in 2003.</p><br>
<p>In 2007, International Association of Fire Fighters local 67 bought and restored the station building for use as their offices and meeting hall.</p><br>
<p>The Blindensee is a raised bog lake on the territory of Schönwald im Schwarzwald in the Black Forest in Germany. It lies within the county of Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis in the state of Baden-Württemberg. It is only accessible on a board walk and lies with raised bog area that has been designated as a nature reserved near the watershed between the rivers Gutach and Elz.</p><br>
<p>As is typical of raised bog lakes, it has neither a headstream nor a tailstream.</p><br>
<h2>Nature reserve</h2><br>
<p>The Blindensee Nature Reserve (Naturschutzgebiet Blindensee) was established as a Naturschutzgebiet by an act of the Freiburg regional government dated 2 March 1960 (NSG Number 3.056). The reserve has an area of 28.5 hectares. It is part of the 1,722-hectare Special Area of Conservation 7915-341 Schönwald Plateaux.</p><br>
<h2>Flora</h2><br>
<p>In the nutrient-poor raised bog around the lake there are plant species like the hares-tail cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum), the cranberry (Oxycoccus palustris) and the round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia). In the nutrient-rich perimeter zones grow bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), summer pheasants-eye (Comarum palustre) and Irish marsh orchid (Dactylorhiza majalis). Among the botanical rarities of the reserve is the extremely rare erst Rannoch-rush (Scheuchzeria plaustris).</p><br>
<h2>Legends</h2><br>
<p>A legend, according to which a cow drowned in the Blindensee and resurfaced after several weeks in the Danube, is supposed to have led to an (inevitably fruitless) attempt to identify a link with the Danube, by dying the lake water. According to another tale, a drover is supposed to have drowned in the Blindensee with his entire span of horses, never to be seen again.</p><br>
<h2>Surrounding area</h2><br>
<p>For several years a wind turbine has been sited in the vicinity of the reserve that can be clearly seen from the shores of the Blindensee and may thus be regarded as intrusive. For example, in a 2010 travel guide about the lake it said "mystical mirror, mysterious eye, enchanted gateway to the other world - these were the descriptions that visitors had recently come across. But the famous scenery has been destroyed: a gigantic windmill rises over the lake and drives away every peaceful moment with the noise of its whirring rotor blades."</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>pp. 530–533</p><br>
<p>The Roxbury Fish Hatchery, established in 1891, is the oldest state-run fish hatchery in Vermont. It is located on Vermont Route 12A in Roxbury, adjacent to Flint Brook, a tributary of the White River. Its early buildings and landscape were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. It is generally open to visitors, but has been closed to visitation since its facilities were damaged by Hurricane Irene.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Roxbury Fish Hatchery is located in rural Roxbury, on the west side of Vermont 12A south of Thurston Hill Road. It is set on 10 acre of land, in a narrow strip between the highway and the railroad tracks of the Central Vermont Railway. Its principal feature is a series of freshwater pools, which are fed in part by local springs, and in part by a raceway diverting water from Flint Brook, which parallels the highway to the east. The hatchery&#39;s built infrastructure includes the original 1891 hatchery building, a c. 1894 building for the preparation of fish food, an 1897 carriage barn, a storage barn built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in the mid-1930s, and the c. 1960 state biological research station. It presently produces brook trout and rainbow trout.</p><br>
<p>The hatchery was established by state legislation in 1890, and went into operation the following year. The site, donated by E.H. Spaulding, was chosen for its abundant spring water, and its proximity to the railroad, which was used to deliver fish nearer their destined release sites. It underwent a series of improvements in its first decade of operation, and again in the 1910s, when water was diverted from the brook to improve the fresh water flow to the facility. In the 1930s it underwent a significant series of improvements under the auspices of the CCC, which included the construction of the raceway and amenities for tourists, including a series of barbecue pits.</p><br>
<p>Courthouse–Seminary Neighborhood Historic District is a national historic district located at Cape Girardeau, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri. The district encompasses 121 contributing buildings and 2 contributing sites in a predominantly residential section of Cape Girardeau. It developed between about 1848 and 1948, and includes representative examples of Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, Mission Revival, Late Gothic Revival, American Craftsman, and Art Deco style architecture. The district contains 1 1/2 and 2 1/2-story brick single-family homes, with multi family homes and a few commercial buildings dispersed throughout. Located in the district is the separately listed Robert Felix and Elma Taylor Wichterich House, William Henry and Lilla Luce Harrison House, Huhn-Harrison House, B&#39;Nai Israel Synagogue, St. Vincent de Paul Catholic Church, August and Amalia Shivelbine House, Glenn House, House at 323 Themis Street, and George Boardman Clark House.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Broadway Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Cape Girardeau, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri. The district encompasses 35 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in a predominantly commercial section of Cape Girardeau. It developed between about 1868 and 1965, and includes representative examples of Queen Anne, Mission Revival, and Art Deco style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Julius Vasterling Building, the Esquire Theater, and the Broadway Theater. Other notable buildings include the Star Service Station , Phil C. Haman Drug Store , Haman’s Shoe Store , Finney’s Drug Store , Broadway Prescription Shop , Kroger Super Market , Kroger Super Market Parking Lot , Pete Koch’s Sinclair Service Station , Bell Telephone Company , American Legion Building , and Vandeven Mercantile .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<p>The St. Albans Bay Culvert is a historic bridge in Garrison Township, Minnesota, United States. It carries the four-lane USA Route 169  over the head of a stream flowing out of Mille Lacs Lake. It was built from 1938 to 1939 as part of a major New Deal project to create a scenic parkway along the lakeshore. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015 as the St. Albans Bay Culvert at Mille Lacs Lake for having state-level significance in the themes of architecture and politics/government. It was nominated for being a well-preserved example of the Minnesota Highway Departments earliest scenic improvements, its rare status as a highway bridge built by the departments Roadside Development Division—a unit usually focused on overlooks and waysides—and for its fine National Park Service rustic design.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The St. Alban&#39;s Bay Culvert is functionally a concrete box culvert. However it has 40 ft headwalls faced with random ashlar of local granite. This facing is about 9 in thick, disguising a core of mortared lake boulders. The walls rise 2 ft over the height of the roadbed to form a low railing. At either end of the bridge, 9 ft panels of a second layer of masonry add visual interest. The culvert opening, often obscured by high water, is surmounted by a 6 ft elliptical arch.</p><br>
<p>The bridge measures 72 ft wide from outside to outside, with a 66 ft roadbed. Repaving over the years has buried the original 9 in stone curbs.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The St. Albans Bay Culvert was built as a component of the Mille Lacs Lake Highway Improvement Plan, an ambitious New Deal project to develop the road around the northwest shore of the lake into a scenic parkway. The project was an unusual collaboration among the Minnesota Highway Department (MHD), the National Park Service (NPS), and the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The agencies widened the highway from two lanes to four for 10 mi, realigned a section, constructed three wayside rests and four stone-faced bridges, and landscaped the right-of-way. The labor was primarily conducted by members of Company 2711 of the CCC, which was headquartered on the south side of Garrison, Minnesota, about a mile north of the St. Albans Bay bridge.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was designed by Howard O. Skooglun, an architect working for the NPS. He collaborated with engineer Harold E. Olson and landscape architect Arthur R. Nichols, both with the MHD&#39;s Roadside Development Division. The trio also designed the other CCC-built components of the scenic parkway. These include the Garrison Concourse, Kenney Lake Overlook, Bridge 5265, and Bridge 3355, all of which are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the St. Alban&#39;s Bay Culvert began around September 1938. It expanded an existing box culvert that had been installed in 1920, widening it from 39 ft to 72 ft to encompass the new lanes. The bridge was completed the following spring, and that summer landscaping was finished in the area by CCC Company 2713-V.</p><br>
<p>La Reforma is a Plio-Pleistocene caldera on the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. It is part of eleven volcanoes in Baja California, which formed with the Gulf of California during the Miocene, about ten million years ago. Previously, a volcanic arc had existed on the peninsula. The caldera&#39;s basement consists of granites and monzonites, formed between the Cretaceous and the Middle Miocene.</p><br>
<p>The caldera has a diameter of 10 km and is surrounded by a rim 100 to 500 m high; its highest point is 1,200 m high above sea level. The formation of the caldera was accompanied by the eruption of a 5 - ignimbrite. After the eruption, volcanic activity continued in and around the caldera, forming lava domes, lava flows and a resurgent dome that rises 700 m above the caldera margin.</p><br>
<p>Other volcanoes in the area include El Aguajito and Tres Virgenes.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and structure</h2><br>
<p>La Reforma is located in the municipality Mulegé, in east-central Baja California, Mexico, just south of the frontier between the departments Baja California and Baja California Sur, and 20 km north of Santa Rosalía. Other volcanic centres in the neighbourhood are Tres Virgenes and El Aguajito (first identified as "Santa Ana caldera" in 1984), west of La Reforma. Offshore east of La Reforma lies the Virgenes High, a submarine elevated platform, probably associated with basaltic intrusions at the intersection of two volcanic ridges. Isla Tortuga, a volcanic island formed on a fracture zone, is also to the east of La Reforma.</p><br>
<p>The La Reforma caldera has a diameter of 10 km, and the height of its rim ranges from 100 to 500 m. It is a semicircular structure around Cabo Virgenes, which reaches the Gulf of California at La Reforma in the northwest and Punta Las Cuevas in the southeast. A tectonic block inside the caldera rises 700 m above the rim of the caldera; it is a resurgent dome formed by welded tuff. The highest point of the dome is 1,200 m.</p><br>
<p>Alternative theories are that La Reforma is a dome which was eroded to form a circular pattern or a set of tectonic blocks. Although the dome was thought to be formed by the older Comondú volcanics, it appears to be a product of La Reforma activity.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>La Reforma is one of 11 volcanic centres in Baja California. In addition to La Reforma-Tres Virgenes, the other centres are Cerro Prieto, El Pinacate, the San Quintin volcanic field, the Puertecitos volcanic province, San Luis Island, the Jaraguay volcanic field, the San Borja volcanic field, Punta Púlpito, the Mencenares volcanic complex and La Purísima.</p><br>
<p>Subduction of the Guadalupe Plate/Farallon Plate beneath Baja California was prevalent in the region until 12,5–11 million years ago; volcanic activity since then is due to tectonic changes associated with the development of the Gulf of California. Earlier subduction-related volcanism during the Miocene formed the volcanic deposits of the Comondú Group.</p><br>
<p>When subduction was active, it triggered the formation of andesitic rocks known as "Andesite of Sierra Santa Lucía" in the area around La Reforma. These are the local manifestations of Comondú Group volcanics from activity occurring 24 to 13 million years ago. The last subduction-related volcanism, producing Santa Rosalía dacite, was between 13 and 12 million years ago. Subsequently, rifting in the Santa Rosalía Basin was accompanied by volcanism which laid down the basalts-basaltic andesite of the Boleo Formation (11-9 million years ago), the El Morro tuff (9-8 million years ago) and the Cerro San Lucas unit (9.5–7.7 million years ago).</p><br>
<p>Volcanism in the area is linked to the formation of the Santa Rosalía Basin, expressed as the Gulf of California, about ten million years ago as part of the tectonic activity of the Basin and Range Province. The gulfs formation was accompanied by volcanic activity, calc-alkaline at first and later alkaline and tholeiitic. Interaction between the San Andreas Fault and the East Pacific Rise triggered the formation of a transform boundary in the gulf 3.5 million years ago. Baja California is currently moving northwest at a rate of 5.6 cm/yr. As part of this movement of the Earths tectonic plates, the Santa Rosalía Basin formed through crustal extension and was filled by a number of Miocene-Pleistocene layers of rock, some of which are exposed in La Reforma. The basin&#39;s formation was influenced by faults running northwest to southeast, and other fault systems are also active in the area.</p><br>
<h3>Rocks</h3><br>
<p>Based on outcrop analysis, the crystalline basement composed of granitic and monzonitic rocks, dates to the Cretaceous, the oldest dated sample being 91.2 ± 2 million years old. This rock, a granite, may be part of a plutonic basement. Younger basement rocks comprise Miocene marine sediments and volcanics pertaining to the Comondú Group. Andesite of Sierra Santa Lucía is found west-southwest of the Santa Rosalía Basin. The basaltic La Esperanza formation is also in the area.</p><br>
<h3>Composition</h3><br>
<p>Lava flow deposits are composed of andesite, basalt and dacite and lava domes consist of rhyolite. Plagioclase, apatite, magnetite and zirconia are the common mineral components of the rocks. The most common minerals in the ignimbrites are feldspar and clinopyroxene, while fayalite is rare. In addition to these minerals, the youngest rocks are andesites which contain amphibole. The area contains well-known - and -bearing resources in marine sediments that were deposited during the Pliocene. and concentrations in the minerals surrounding La Reforma range from 242 to 38,847 and 22 to 17,407 ppm respectively. Some rocks of Pliocene were erupted in a submarine environment and have been converted into palagonite, which has a glassy structure.</p><br>
<p>The La Reforma volcanic rocks feature an anomalous chemistry resembling the calc-alkaline magma series, even though La Reforma is not a subduction zone volcano. This is consistent with the geochemistry of nearby Tres Virgenes, although one pyroclastic flow at La Reforma was considered peralkaline.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>The climate is arid; average precipitation in the area is 60 mm per year, 40.6 mm of which falls in winter. Most precipitation falls on Tres Virgenes. In Santa Rosalia, average temperatures range from 16.5 &deg;C in January to 30.8 &deg;C in August.</p><br>
<p>The area was probably more humid during winter in the Pleistocene and certainly colder; oxygen isotope ratios of Tres Virgenes waters indicate that temperatures during the time of the Wisconsin glaciation were 5 - colder than today.</p><br>
<h2>Eruptive history</h2><br>
<p>Volcanism at La Reforma began during the Pliocene, with ash flows and subaqueous pumice flows. Later activity became subaerial and generated pillow lava. Of the local volcanoes, La Reforma was the first to emerge from the sea. Four to five million years ago, basaltic dykes formed. Volcanic activity at La Reforma occurred between 1.6 and 1.4 million years ago, and at least four ignimbrites have been found there.</p><br>
<p>A major ignimbrite-forming eruption occurred during the Early Pleistocene, with the formation of pantellerite tuff. The eruption covered about 200 km&sup2; with 5 - of ignimbrite. The ignimbrite is rich in fiamme. Andesitic effusive activity occurred on the flanks of the caldera before and after its collapse.</p><br>
<p>Activity after the calderas formation created lava domes and rhyolitic lava flows along its ring faults. One flow was dated at 1,090,000 ± 110,000 years old, and the domes are 1.4 to 1.2 million years old. La Reforma eruption products were later partially buried by activity from El Aguajito, where volcanic activity had migrated to. Basaltic cones which erupted 600,000 years ago on the calderas flanks despite their location are not part of the La Reforma volcano; like Isla Tortuga and Tres Virgenes, they are controlled by the tectonic processes that accompanied the rifting of the Sea of Cortez. Also, rivers deposited sediments inside the caldera itself. Seismic activity still occurs at Tres Virgenes volcano. La Reforma could still experience large scale explosive volcanism, especially in its southwestern part.</p><br>
<p>Resurgent doming occurred in the centre of the caldera, causing Miocene-age rocks (including diorites) to be exposed at its centre. A combination between this doming and uplift of the surrounding land of the Baja California peninsula raised Pleistocene sea deposits to over 300 m. The average pace of the uplift is 240 mm/kyr. Hot springs exist in the area and the chemical and isotope characteristics indicate that a small amount of their water comes from magma, implying that a magma chamber still exists beneath La Reforma. Temperatures of the hot springs range from 21 to 98 C. Geothermal energy has been harnessed from Tres Virgenes for over ten years; currently, in Baja California Cerro Prieto and Tres Virgenes are the principal sources for geothermal energy, but a number of other sites on the peninsula could be used in the future for power generation.</p><br>
<p>The Waldenecksee or Petersee is a quarry lake on the western edge of the Northern Black Forest. It lies in an exclave of the municipality of Sinzheim, surrounded by Baden-Baden, between Iberg and Fremersberg on the western side of the hill of Waldeneck. Around 1900 a quarry was established here that was worked until 1968. After that a lake formed on the floor of the quarry, about 200 metres long and 35–75 metres wide. One of its common names, the Petersee, is derived from the name of the former quarry owners, the Peter Porphyry Gravel Works . Today it is leased as an angling lake and bathing is forbidden.</p><br>
<h2>Ecology</h2><br>
<p>Because water could not circulate in the lake as it is fed by springs and surface water, and because of nutrients introduced by plant growth and bathers, there was a risk of life in the lake dying out. This could only be prevented in summer 2013 by the intervention of the fire service who enriched the lake water by spraying it with oxygen.</p><br>
<p>Thereafter the leaseholders of the lake, Sinzheim Sports Fishing Club, with financial support from the municipality of Sinzheim 2014, installed a solar-powered circulator pump, which pumps water from the lakebed to the surface.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Quartz porphyry of the upper Rotliegendes is visible on the rock walls of the quarry. They are ignimbrite rhyolites, that is, pyroclastic volcanic rocks which have not flowed out as lava and cooled. but are formed from fluid suspensions of small magmatic particles in highly heated gases. Three of lava fields of ignimbrite of different colours and mineral composition are recognizable from bottom to top. The rocks are lithostratigraphically part of the Lichtental Formation, which is composed of remains of a volcano that is almost 300 million years old. The Baden-Württemberg State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und Bergbau Baden-Württemberg) classifies the abandoned Waldeneck Quarry as a valuable geotope.</p><br>
<h2>Film location</h2><br>
<p>The terrain of the quarry and lake, which is about 2 kilometres from the Baden-Baden broadcasting studio of Südwestrundfunk is repeated used as a film location. For example, in 1984 in the four-part historical series, Lenz oder die Freiheit, where it represented Hell Valley, in several episodes of the TV crime series Tatort and in 2010 as the scene of the showdown in the thriller, The Good Neighbour.</p><br>
<p>The name Arkenberge was originally given to a natural hill ridge in the Berlin municipality of Blankenfelde in the borough of Pankow. The name of the nearby settlement of Arkenberge was derived from this chain of little hills. In 1984 a rubble heap for building waste was established east of this settlement. In January 2015, it was determined that the top of this tip had reached a height of. Since then it has been ranked as the highest point in the state of Berlin, superseding the Teufelsberg.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original Arkenberge were a natural hillock chain of Pleistocene origin. On a 1911 survey map, its highest point is given as 70.3 metres. In the course of the 20th century, it was largely dug out. In addition, in the 1950s the railway track bed of the Berlin Outer Ring was laid through the area. The highest point of the remaining hill chain is 64.8 metres above sea level; the surrounding terrain lies between 53 and 57 metres. In the 1930s, the settlement of Arkenberge grew up in the local area.</p><br>
<p>In 1984, a construction waste site was established east of the settlement on a 36-hectare site. In 1998, the dumping of building waste was ended, but in 1999 more construction waste was used to profile and recultivate the landfill site. As part of that, it was planned to create a hill with two observation plateaux, optically separated by a saddle.</p><br>
<p>Around 2000, plans crystallised, to make the area around the Arkenberge into a recreation area. The summit will be opened to the public in 2019.</p><br>
<p>On the occasion of the new survey in 2015 a glacial erratic with an inscription recording its status as Berlin&#39;s highest point, was placed on the summit.</p><br>
<p>Glebe Stone Circles are standing stones and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Glebe Standing Stones are located about 1.6 km (1 mile) east-northeast of Cong.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The circles were first noted by Edward Lhuyd on his tour of Ireland in 1699; William Stukeley later reproduced Lhuyd&#39;s unpublished drawings.</p><br>
<p>William Wilde connected them to the mythical Battle of Moytura:</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>There are four circles in a variety of styles.</p><br>
<h3>Glebe (North)</h3><br>
<p>About 16 m in diameter, 23 stones remain, up to 1.2 m in height with cup and ring marks.</p><br>
<h3>Nymphsfield 1 (West)</h3><br>
<p>About 10 m in diameter, the smallest circle.</p><br>
<h3>Tonaleeaun (East)</h3><br>
<p>An embanked recumbent stone circle with an orthostat at the west end.</p><br>
<h3>Nymphsfield 2 (South)</h3><br>
<p>10 m in diameter with 19 stones.</p><br>
<p>Sixth Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Grandin, Carter County, Missouri. The six dwellings were built between 1888 and 1909 by the Missouri Lumber and Mining Company. They are:</p><br>
<p>John Rongey House: A two-story, vernacular frame dwelling with weatherboard siding, gable roof, and lean-to in back. A porch encloses the north and west sides.</p><br>
<p>Joe Deaton House: A one-story, vernacular frame dwelling enlarged by the addition of a gabled wing (possibly another one story cabin). The house is sided with weatherboard, and has a front porch.</p><br>
<p>Clarence Graham House: A two-story, vernacular frame dwelling with weatherboard siding, front porch, and one story wing in back. Roofs are gabled and of corrugated metal.</p><br>
<p>Everett Nance House: A two-story, vernacular frame dwelling with gable roof and weatherboard siding. There is a one story front porch and a two-story addition on the southwest corner.</p><br>
<p>Cynthia McKinney House: A two-story, vernacular frame dwelling with gable roof, weatherboard siding, and two story gabled wing in back.</p><br>
<p>Bill McDowell House: A two-story, vernacular frame dwelling with weatherboard siding, gable roof, front porch, and lean-to in back.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Watkins Family Farm Historic District, also known as Lakeland Farm, is a historic home and farm and national historic district located near Raymore, Cass County, Missouri. The farm includes 18 contributing buildings, three contributing sites, and 21 contributing structures dated between about 1868 and 1957. They include three residential buildings, eight barns, three machine and implement sheds, four wells, ten dams and ponds, and a number of ancillary structures such as a milk house, a pump house, an outhouse, a silo, two corn bins, two chicken coops, three cattle feeder structures, and a cattle loading ramp. The Allen-Watkins Residence was built in 1913, and is a 2 1/2-story, Prairie School style frame dwelling built from the Sears and Roebuck Company prefabricated kit for Sears House Plan #227, "The Castleton."</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Harrisonville Courthouse Square Historic District is a national historic district located at Harrisonville, Cass County, Missouri. The district includes 34 contributing buildings, 1 contributing structure, and 1 contributing object in the central business district of Harrisonville. It developed between about 1880 and 1943, and includes representative examples of Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and Renaissance Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the Cass County Courthouse , New Method Laundry , Cass County Democrat , Wooldridge Building , Bank of Harrisonville , Wirt&#39;s Opera House Building , Post Office Building , Emmons Building/Bowman Building , Evans Building , White Motor Company , Stephen Stuart "Racket" Store , First National Bank of Harrisonville , and Deacon Building .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Pleasant Hill Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Pleasant Hill, Cass County, Missouri. The district includes 53 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 1 contributing structure in the central business district of Pleasant Hill. It developed between about 1865 and 1959, and includes representative examples of Italianate, Queen Colonial Revival, and Classical Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the Missouri Pacific Depot , Sinclair Fuel and Service Station , Benson Brothers Lumber Company , J. R. Prewitt & Sons Manufacturing, Inc. , Knorpp&#39;s Opera House , Wherritt Building , Booth Public Library , Municipal Power Plant , Pleasant Hill Post Office , Tucker Inn , Pleasant Hill City Hall , and Memorial Building .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Dalton Vocational School Historic District, also known as the Bartlett Agricultural and Vocational School Historic District, is a national historic district located near Dalton, Chariton County, Missouri. The district encompasses nine contributing buildings and one contributing site on an African American agricultural and vocational school serving Chariton and surrounding counties during the first half of the 20th century. It developed between about 1905 and 1956, and includes buildings constructed for the use of the school, its students, and its faculty. They include the Bartlett Classroom Building , Busch Building , Principals Cottage , Cafeteria , Machine Shop , two sheds, a barn, and a poultry house, along with 123 acres of the property.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Scampini Block is a historic commercial building at 289 North Main Street in the city of Barre, Vermont. Built in 1904, it is an elegant showcase of the skills of local granite carvers, and was for many years a social center for the area&#39;s large immigrant stoneworkers. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Scampini Block stands in downtown Barre, on the northeast side of North Main Street nearly opposite its junction with Granite Street. It is a three-story granite structure with a flat roof. The front facade is divided into three sections, articulated by rusticated square pilasters at the corners and smooth Tuscan columns flanking the center section of the ground floor, which support a complex projecting cornice. The ground-floor bays primarily consist of modern c. 1978 granite panels, flanking a central entrance; these features are a replacement for a historic plate glass commercial storefront with recessed entrance. The upper levels are faced in rusticated granite, with second-floor windows set in rectangular openings, and third-floor windows in the outer bays set in round-arch openings. The main roof cornice projects, with supporting modillions and a band of dentil moulding. The building&#39;s side walls are finished in brick. The interior includes imported Italian marble floors, and significant original features remain in the upper floors, which now house offices.</p><br>
<p>The block was built in 1904 by Angelo Scampini, an Italian immigrant who arrived in Barre in 1889, and in 1893 opened a shop. His shop was a center of the local Italian immigrant population, many of whom had come from Italys stone quarrying areas in search of work. This new block, many of its features executed by Italian artisans, expanded on this role, provided a meeting hall on the third floor. In addition to Scampinis store on the ground floor, the building house offices of fraternal societies, labor unions, and granite companies, and the meeting hall was used by a number of fraternal organizations, including the Knights of Columbus, International Order of Odd Fellows, and others.</p><br>
<p>The Old Red Mill and Mill House are a historic 19th-century mill building and residence on Red Mill Drive in Jericho, Vermont. The mill was built in 1856 and enlarged later in the 19th century, accommodating then state-of-the art grain rollers, and was a prominent local business. The house was built in 1859, and is a good local example of Gothic Revival architecture. The mill is now a museum property of the local historical society. The mill building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972; the listing was expanded to include the house in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Old Red Mill stands on the west side of the village of Jericho, on the north side of Vermont Route 15 just west of its crossing of the Browns River, which provided the mills power. The mill is sited on the rivers west bank, a short way south of the former site of its mill pond. The house is set to its west, and is separated from it by the access drive to the complex. Both buildings are set on fieldstone foundations, the walls of the mill rising as stone on the first floor and wood framing sheathed in stamped metal plating painted red. It is covered by a gabled roof, and has a square tower at the northeast corner. A shed-roofed wheelhouse projects into the river bed to the east, and the west river bank is lined by a stone retaining wall.</p><br>
<p>The mill house is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, consisting of a main block with two ells extending to the north. The main block has a gabled roof with projecting dormer, as does the first ell, while the second ell is covered by a shed roof. Gable ends have decorative jigsawn vergeboard, and the front porch features turned posts and brackets.</p><br>
<p>The mill was built in 1856 on an existing mill privilege by James Hutchinson. It was enlarged to its present form in 1885 by L.B. Howe, who installed then-innovate rollers for grinding grain. The mills products were shipped all over New England, and closed in 1946. The mill and house have been adapted into a museum and local history center by the local historical society.</p><br>
<p>Jandial near the city of Taxila in Pakistan is the site of an ancient temple well known for its Ionic columns. The temple is located 630 meters north of the northern gate of Sirkap. The Temple was excavated in 1912-1913 by the Archaeological Survey of India under John Marshall. It has been called "the most Hellenic structure yet found on Indian soil".</p><br>
<h2>Temple structure</h2><br>
<p>The Temple is considered as a semi-Classical temple. Its design is essentially that of a Greek Temple, with a naos, pronaos and an opisthodomos at the back. Two Ionic columns at the front are framed by two anta walls as in a Greek distyle in antis layout. It seems that the temple had an outside wall with windows or doorways, in a layout similar to that of a Greek encircling row of columns (peripteral design). The dimensions of the Temple were around 45 x 30 meters.</p><br>
<p>However, inside the Temple, between the naos and the opisthodomos, there is a heavy wall with stairs, which has led some authors to consider that it was designed to support a ziggurat as in a Zoroastrian or Magian temple.</p><br>
<p>Besides the Pataliputra capital (3rd century BCE), the Ionic style is a rare occurrence in the Indian subcontinent, and it almost disappeared afterwards, apart from a pillar in Ahin Posh, which seems to be more Parthian than truly Hellenistic. It seems to have disappeared with the weakening of direct Greek presence in India, to be exclusively replaced by the numerous instances of Corinthian art that can be found in the Indo-Corinthian capitals of Gandhara.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The Ionic capitals of the Jandial temple seem to be a rather provincial and dry version of the Ionic Temple of Artemis in Ephesus. However the design of the bases is quite pure, as are the wall moldings. Also the drums are finely joined with dowels. All this suggests work which was done under Greek supervision, or maybe by Greeks directly.</p><br>
<h2>Dating</h2><br>
<p>The Temple may have been built in the 2nd century BCE under the Greeks in India (Indo-Greeks). The exact alignment of the Temple with Sirkap leads some authors to think that it may have been built during the main occupation period of the Greek city, and that it may have been the work of an architect from Asia Minor, or from Greece or an architect trained in Greek techniques.</p><br>
<p>Alternatively, it may have been built under the Indo-Parthians in the 1st century BCE in order to practice the Zoroastrian faith, possibly right after their invasion of Hellenistic lands, using Greek manpower and expertise. Alternatively, it may be the construction of a Greek devotee of Zoroastriasm, at it known that in India the Greeks easily followed other faith, as examplified by the dedication to Garuda made by a Greek envoy on the Heliodorus pillar in Besnagar.</p><br>
<p>A coin of the Indo-Scythian ruler Azes I was found in the rubbles of the Temple, which may suggest that construction occurred during his reign.</p><br>
<p>The Jandial Temple may have been the one visited by Appollonius of Tyana during his visit of the subcontinent in the 1st century CE.</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>"Notes on Ionic Architecture in the East" Benjamin Rowland, Jr., American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 489–496 Published by: Archaeological Institute of America</p><br>
<p>The Mississquoi River Bridge is a steel truss bridge, spanning the Missisquoi River between Richford, Vermont and Sutton, Quebec on the Canada-United States border. It connects Chemin de la Vallée Missisquoi in Sutton with Vermont Route 105A in Richford, between the border stations of the East Richford–Glen Sutton Border Crossing. The bridge was built by the state of Vermont in 1929, and is one of two in the state built by the Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company. It was listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Missisquoi River Bridge is located in northeastern Richford and southeastern Sutton, at a point where the Missisquoi River flows across the international border (an east-west line) in a roughly southwesterly direction. The bridge is just northwest of the small village of East Richford, with only Canada&#39;s Glen Sutton border station in the immediate vicinity north of the border. The bridge is a two-span metal Parker through truss structure, 205 ft in length, and was assembled with riveted construction. The trusses rest on abutments and a pier of poured concrete. One span is 150 ft long, and the other is 50 ft long. The bridge is 21.6 ft wide, and carries two lanes of traffic on a concrete deck. The maximum truss depth is 19 ft and the end portals have clearance of 15 ft.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built by the state of Vermont in 1929, as part of a program to build more than 1,200 bridges after devastating floods in 1927. The bridge was manufactured by the Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company, and is only one of two known bridges in the state to be built by that firm. The bridge exhibits characteristics of standardized design developed by the state to speed construction of bridges at the time. The border crossing point was at the time economically important, providing access to the markets of southern Quebec to the industries in Richford.</p><br>
<p>João Valente is a reef located nearly between the islands of Boa Vista  and Maio . The reef&#39;s lowest point is about 100 meters above sea level. The seamount is about 1,000 meters tall. The highest point is 14 meters below sea level and dominates the area of about 1,000 to 2,000 km, probably and erosion affected the volcano . The reef is partly visible during low tide.</p><br>
<p>During the Ice Age, it was a larger island that once included Boa Vista and that island separated Maio by about 2 to 5 km, it was in the middle part and had two isthmus connecting the former Boa Vista and the Southern peninsulas. Around 7,000 to 6,000 BC, the isthmus were flooded and separated the islet from Boa Vista. João Valente was a flat island until around 2,000 to 1,000 BC when a rise in sea level flooded the whole island and became a reef.The reef was mentioned as "Baixa" (Portuguese for lower as being underwater and a submerged rocky area) in a 1598 map titled Insulae Capitis Viridis which is now at the National Library of France. In a map from 1747 by Jacques-Nicolas Bellin, the reef was mentioned as a submerged rock named Jean Letton (Roche de Jean Letton, Middle Dutch: Rotz van Jean Letton, Portuguese: Rochas de João Leitão). On April 20, 1806, the English ship The Lady Burgess sank into the reef.</p><br>
<p>The high biodiversity of fishes in the reef along with other seamounts discovered in 1981, ichthyofauna has been studied. Also it is the area where other sealife including coral are founded and may be Cape Verde&#39;s most abundant including the waters surrounding Boa Vista.</p><br>
<p>The Old Stone House is a historic house at 73 East Allen Street in central Winooski, Vermont. Built about 1790, it is the city&#39;s oldest building. It has served as a tavern, and as residences, and is now in use as professional offices. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Old Stone House stands a short way east of Winooski&#39;s central Rotary Park, on the north side of East Allen Street between Cascade Way and Abenaki Way. It is a 2-1/2 story structure, built out of rough-cut stone and capped by a side gable roof. It has a five-bay front facade, with sash windows in the outer bays set in rectangular openings. The front entrance is at the center, flanked by wide sidelight windows, and there is a second doorway above on the second level, set at a recess with an iron balustrade across the lower part of the opening. A wood-frame addition, which is nearly as old as the main block, extends to the rear.</p><br>
<p>The house was supposedly built around 1790 by Roswell Butler, and is the city&#39;s only surviving building from the period immediately following the American Revolutionary War. It served as a public accommodation (at times a tavern, but also for some time as a hotel) until 1826, with the rear addition added in 1793. It was then converted into a multi-unit residential apartment house, a use that was abandoned in the 1960s. It now houses professional offices.</p><br>
<p>The River Anner  is a river in Ireland, flowing through County Tipperary, a tributary of the Suir.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The River Anner rises south of Mullinahone and flows westwards to the north of Knockahunna. It passes under Melbourne Bridge and turns southwards, meeting the Clashawley River in Grangebeg. It passes under the R706 in Milltownbratton and meets the River Moyle. The Anner passes under the Limerick–Rosslare railway line and then the N24 near Twomilebridge, draining into the Suir at Killaloan Lower.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>The River Anner is a noted salmon and trout fishery.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>The river is memorialised in a Charles Kickham poem, "She lived beside the Anner at the foot of Slievenamon.</p><br>
<p>The Valongo Wharf  is an old dock located in the port area of Rio de Janeiro, between the current Coelho e Castro and Sacadura Cabral streets.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1811, it was the site of landing and trading of African slaves until 1831, with the ban on the transatlantic slave trade (but clandestine trade continued until 1888). During the twenty years of its operation, between 500 thousand and one million slaves landed at Valongo. Brazil received about 4.9 million slaves through the Atlantic trade.</p><br>
<p>In 1843, the wharf was renovated for the landing of Princess Teresa Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, who was to marry the emperor D. Pedro II. The wharf was then called Cais da Imperatriz (Empress Wharf).</p><br>
<p>Between 1850 and 1920, the area around the old pier became a space occupied by black slaves or freedmen of several nations - an area that Heitor dos Prazeres called Pequena África (Little Africa).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Until the mid-1770s, slaves disembarked at Praia do Peixe, now called Praça 15, and were traded in Rua Direita (today Rua 1º de Março), in the center of Rio de Janeiro, in plain sight. In 1774, a new legislation established the transfer of this market to the region of Valongo, on the initiative of the second Marquis of Lavradio, Dom Luís de Almeida Portugal Soares de Alarcão d&#39;Eça e Melo Silva Mascarenhas, viceroy of Brazil, alarmed at "The terrible custom of as soon as the blacks disembark in the port from the African coast, enter the city through the main public thoroughfares, not only loaded with innumerable diseases but naked".</p><br>
<p>The market was transferred, but the wharf was not built yet, and the alternative was to disembark the slaves at the customs and immediately send them by boat to Valongo, from which they would jump directly onto the beach. In 1779 the slave trade finally settled in the Valongo area, where it reached its peak between 1808 with the arrival of the Portuguese royal family, and in 1831, when the slave trade to Brazil was banned, and it was done clandestinely.</p><br>
<p>From 1808 the traffic nearly doubles, following the growth of the city that, after the transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil, goes from 15 thousand to 30 thousand inhabitants. However, it was not until 1811 that the wharf was built, and the landing was done directly on Valongo. From 1811 to 1831, between 500,000 and a million slaves landed there. At the end of the 1820s, the slave trade to Brazil was at its peak. Rio de Janeiro was then an important commercial slave trading post, and Valongo was the main gateway for blacks from Angola, East and Central West Africa - while in Maranhão and Bahia ships came from Guinea and West Africa respectively.</p><br>
<p>In 1831, the transatlantic slave trade was banned, under pressure from England, and Valongo was closed. The traffickers then proceeded to make the landing in clandestine ports.</p><br>
<p>In 1843, a 60-centimeter thick embankment was made on the dock of Valongo for the construction of a new anchorage, destined to receive Princess Teresa Cristina, future wife of D. Pedro II. The wharf was then renamed Cais da Imperatriz. But this also would eventually be buried in 1911, during the urban reform undertaken by mayor Pereira Passos.</p><br>
<h2>Rediscovery</h2><br>
<p>In 2011, during the excavations carried out as part of the revitalization works in the Rio de Janeiro port area, the two wharfs - Valongo and Imperatriz - were discovered, one on top of the other, and, along with them, a large number of amulets and worship objects from Congo, Angola and Mozambique. IPHAN and the city of Rio de Janeiro inscribed the wharf&#39;s archaeological site to the Unesco World Heritage Site Tentative List. The wharf was then officially designated a World Heritage Site in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Montgomery House is a historic travel accommodation on Vermont Route 118 in the center of Montgomery, Vermont. Built in 1803, it is one of the town&#39;s oldest buildings, and it served for many years as a social and civic center in the small community. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Montgomery House stands just west of the towns triangular green, on the south side of North Main Street (Vermont 118). It is a 2-1/2 story brick building, with a twin-gabled roof and stone foundation. Its front is basically a pair of three-bay facades, each with center entrances on both levels, the upper doorways providing access to the roof of a porch extending across the buildings center four bays. The gable ends are framed in wood and finished in clapboards, with small square windows near the gable peak. The interior of the building retains a number of original features, including wooden floors fastened with cut nails, and a 19th-century room layout on the upper level.</p><br>
<p>The building was erected in 1803, on the route of the American Revolutionary War-era Bayley-Hazen Military Road, and is the oldest known building in the town. It served for many years as a major civic and social meeting point, since the community had no other public buildings. Church services and town meetings were held here until the mid-19th century. As tourism arose as a trade in the late 19th century, the inn became more of a hotel, a role it has had intermittently through the 20th century.</p><br>
<p>The E.L. Smith Roundhouse Granite Shed is a historic granite shed at 23 Burnham Street in the city of Barre, Vermont. Built in 1889, it is the only known surviving example of a circular granite cutting shed in the United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The E.L. Smith Roundhouse Granite Shed stands on the south side of Burnham Street, across the Stephens Branch of the Winooski River from downtown Barre. The shed is part of a larger industrial site, most of which is still taken up by granite-related businesses. It is a sixteen-sided building, two stories in height, with a low-pitch conical roof and its walls finished in wooden clapboards. The roof originally had a cupola at the center; this was lost to a fire in 1968 which also destroyed a number of other original features. The interior timber framing of the building is largely still in place, although some elements have been replaced by steel framing. An original crane is mounted on a central rotating jib, allowing it to service all parts of the building. A two-story ell extends east from the main shed, with a shed-roof office attached to its eastern end.</p><br>
<p>The main shed was built in 1889, by Emery L. Smith, owner of a local granite quarry. Smith was influential in the growth of Barre&#39;s granite industry, promoting the development of the railroad connecting the quarries to the cutting sheds in the downtown area. He was also innovative in the extraction and processing of the stone, with the circular design of this building among those innovations, as it permitted the central crane to move heavy stone slabs anywhere within the building. The crane still has many of its original parts, although it is now powered electrically rather than by hand. The building continues to be used for granite processing, having gone through a succession of industrial owners.</p><br>
<p>The Charles R. Palmer House is a historic house at 201-203 North Willard Street in Burlington, Vermont. Built about 1911, it is a well-preserved example of an American Foursquare duplex in the city&#39;s Old North End neighborhood. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Charles R. Palmer House stands in a mixed residential area on the eastern side of Burlington&#39;s Old North End neighborhood, on the west side of North Willard Street between Russell and Pomeroy Streets. It is a two story wood frame structure, with a hip roof pierced by hip-roof dormers. Its exterior exhibits a variety of stylistic architectural elements, including bands of wooden shingles between the first and second floor, which are otherwise finished in wooden clapboards. It has a single-story porch extending across the front, with turned posts and decorative brackets. It is covered by a flat roof with a shallow gable at the center above the stairs. The interior is divided into mirror-image residential units, with L-shaped staircases that retain original balustrades.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1911, and is kit home manufactured by the North American Construction Company (known better by its later name, The Aladdin Company) of Bay City, Michigan. The company was a pioneer in the idea of mail-order homes, and this is an example of its common "Devon" duplex. Burlington was at the time experiencing rapid growth, and a number of similar houses line Willard Street and other nearby streets.</p><br>
<p>The Jean and Inez Bregant House, also known as The Little Peoples House, is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. The Bregants were little people who worked as Vaudeville performers. This 1½-story Craftsman was one of the few houses built in the United States for little people. The rectangular frame structure sits at the back of its lot. The house was built by Inezs parents, whose house was immediately to the south, after Jean and Inez retired from performing. It features a polygonal bay on the north side, and rectangular bay on the south, and a full size bungloid porch across the front. The interior has four rooms and a bath. Because the Bregants loved to entertain, the rooms, doorways and furnishings accommodated full-size people. However, it also had a miniature clawfoot bathtub, stove, a low fireplace mantel, built-in benches that sat low-to-the-ground, as well as other scaled-down details. After Inez died in 1969, the house was home to average sized people who undid some of its original details. It is now owned by Preserve Council Bluffs who is restoring it to its original condition. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<p>The Warren A. and Catherine Cartier House  is a single family house located at 409 East Ludington Avenue in Ludington, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. It is currently the Cartier Mansion Bed and Breakfast.</p><br>
<h2>Warren A. Cartier</h2><br>
<p>Warren Antoine Cartier was born in Manistee, Michigan, on January 12, 1866. His family moved to Ludington in 1878. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1887 and joined his father&#39;s lumber business. In 1888 he married Catherine (Kate) Dempsey. He founded and led a number of businesses in Ludington, and was elected mayor in 1899 and 1903.</p><br>
<h2>House history</h2><br>
<p>In 1905, Cartier designed and built this home on Ludington Avenue, located directly opposite his father&#39;s house. THe Cartier family sold the house to Abbie and Genevieve Schoenberger in 1950. In 2005, the Schoenberger family sold the house to Gary and Sue Ann Schnitker, who operate the house as the Cartier Mansion Bed & Breakfast.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>This house is a three-story neoclassical mansion, constructed of Roman pressed brick and trimmed with Bedford limestone. When constructed, it contained a number of modern conveniences, including a steam heating system, a pulley-operated draft system to provide cooling, and chandeliers lit by both gas and electricity. The main floor contains a tiled anteroom, a library, a kitchen with butler’s pantry, a music room and a living room. A broad, sweeping staircase leads to the second floor containing bedrooms for Warren and Kate Cartier and their children. The third floor contains a darkroom and gymnasium. The interior is finished throughout with mahogany, cherry, walnut, white maple, oak, and hickory.</p><br>
<p>The Island Ford Lodge is an historic property in Sandy Springs, Fulton County, Georgia, in the United States. It was built as a summer home for Atlanta attorney Samuel Dunbar Hewlett circa 1935 by stonemason John Epps. Hewlett was chief of staff for Georgia governor Eugene Talmadge through Talmadge&#39;s first two terms as governor, from 1933 to 1937. Hewlett sold the lodge to the Buckhead Century Club in 1950, retaining rights to an apartment in the building. The club disbanded in 1955 and sold the property to the Atlanta Baptist Assembly, which used the lodge as a retreat for twenty years. After Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area was established in 1978 the property was acquired by the National Park Service. The property was renovated in the early 1980s and serves as the park headquarters.</p><br>
<p>Island Ford Lodge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in November 2016.</p><br>
<p>The John J. and Agnes Shea House is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. This is the only brick Queen Anne house in the city with a corner tower topped by a witch&#39;s cap. The 2½-story structure features an asymmetrical plan, complex roofline, corbelled chimneys, gables, bays, and porches. It also contains beveled, rounded and stained glass windows. The house was built by local contractor George Monroe, with brick work done by the Wickham Brothers and carpentry work by J.H. Murphy. It was built for John Joseph Shea, a local attorney, his wife Agnes Mary Fenlon Shea, and their six children. They moved to Indian Territory, and after it became the state of Oklahoma, Shea became a judge. Local banker Timothy G. Turner acquired the house in 1900 before the Sheas left for Indian Territory. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Lysander Tulleys House is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. Born in Ohio, Tulleys was a school teacher and served in the Civil War before settling in Council Bluffs where he was a partner in Burnham-Tulleys, which provided agricultural loans. In the 1890s they expanded their partnership and entered into real estate, which helped them survive the decade&#39;s economic downturn. This 2½-story brick Victorian house was designed by Chicago architect P.E. Hale, and built by Wickham Brothers, a local contractor. The focal point is a three-story square tower capped by a mansard roof with dormers. Its first two stories are brick and the third story is wood with corner pilasters. The friezes above the windows of the main facade are concrete. The other decorative elements are rather simple and include plain cornices and relatively unadorned porches.</p><br>
<p>The house was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The O.P. Wickham House is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. Brothers Owen and James Wickham were born in Ireland, and settled in Council Bluffs in the 1860s. They were brick and stonemasons by trade, and they established a contracting firm with another partner in 1863. By 1865 the brothers were alone in the partnership, and it was a prominent construction firm into the 1930s. This 2½-story brick Queen Anne was Owens second house after the Wickham-De Vol House. Its distinctive features include the jerkihhead gable ends with unusual double curving profiles, and the woodwork on the front porches with their fan-like brackets and the syncopated spacing of the frieze blocks. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Charles Henry and Charlotte Norton House is a historic building located in Avoca, Iowa, United States. Born in New York and raised in Cass County, Iowa, Norton settled in 1869 at a railroad stop that would become Avoca. He opened a general store that would grow to include hardware and then buggies, wagons, and harnesses. This two-story brick Italianate house with Gothic Revival influences was completed in 1878. Its Italianate features include a two-story stairwell tower, window and door hoods, double front doors, tall arched windows with a round window to the left of the tower, and a single story bay behind the tower. The Gothic Revival style is realized primarily in the ornate vergeboards and the steep pitch of the gables. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Francis A. and Rose M. Turner House is a historic building located in Avoca, Iowa, United States. Turner was born in Des Moines County, Iowa, and the family moved to Pottawattamie County the following year where they farmed. After spending a period of time teaching, he studied law and settled in Avoca after passing the bar. Rose M. Woodward was a local school teacher. Their grandson Richard, also an attorney, entered politics and became Iowas Attorney General and the USA Attorney for the Southern District of Iowa. This two-story frame Neoclassical house was built in 1905, probably by local builder Fred Thiessen. After Francis death in 1935 the house passed to their son Joe and his wife Elizabeth. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Gato Island is a rocky island located in the middle of Visayan Sea in the Asian country of Philippines. It rises from the middle of the sea between Malapascua Island and the tip of the most northern part of Municipality of Daanbantayan in the Province of Cebu.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>Gato Island or locally known as Isla de Gato is a Spanish word for Cat Island. It was named so because of its shape that looks like a curled sleeping cat when looking from the mainland of Cebu.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>During 1933, two Japanese fishermen discovered a breeding ground of sea snakes around the island. It was believed that the locals were taught by the Japanese on how to catch the sea snakes, process the skins and even how to deal with snake bites.</p><br>
<p>The Island of Gato was previously under the administrative part of the Province of Masbate in Bicol Region of the Philippines but is more near to the Municipality of Daanbantayan. The supervision of the island started during 1997, when Daanbantayan passed a resolution declaring the island as a sea snake and fish sanctuary and assigning the Cebu State College of Science and Technology - College of Fisheries, Daanbantayan Campus which is now Cebu Technological University to safeguard and develop the island for research purposes. In response, the school built a research center in the island along with underwater research equipment to conduct diving activities.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, the resolution was re-enacted to make the 2-nautical-mile periphery of the island as part of the sanctuary and transfer custody and management of the island to the Municipal Government of Daanbantayan.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Isla de Gato is about 15 kilometers from Malapascua Island and is about 83 m high above sea level. It is home to many species of seabirds and some animals flit in and out of the caves in the sea. The island is constantly washed by strong currents thus creating side cuttings with high wall of rock faces. There is an underwater cave where divers encounter poisonous sea snakes, colored fishes and some species of shark believed to be sleeping during the day, which can be seen about 30 meters deep on the ground of the sea. The view inside and under the water cave is magnificent and divers would often liken it as if you are looking to a glass stained window with sparkling blue color and the glowing water from the sunlight. Its elevation was recorded at 188 ft in 1919.</p><br>
<h2>Accessibility</h2><br>
<p>The Island can be reached from the three barangays of Daanbantayan namely, Tapilon, Maya, and Logon (Malapascua Island). It is 50 minutes by motorized boat from Malapascua Island. It is almost impossible to dock to the island due to undercutting of its side by wave action. Boats could come nearer the island rock face but would take a lot of precaution because of strong current.</p><br>
<p>Entering the cave of Gato Island can always be done with any outrigger boat. Everybody is allowed to enter the cave for diving and dock their boat inside or outside the opening of the cave. However, during high tide, it could be very difficult to come in due to the small opening that would make boat maneuverability troublesome. Once docked inside, divers are enjoined to do their diving activities with their diving instructors, dive masters or buddy, and those who cannot can do snorkeling but should take precaution since the island is haven for the yellow-lipped sea krait or locally known as "balingkasaw", a species of venomous sea snakes.</p><br>
<p>Graceland Cemetery Chapel is a historic building located in Avoca, Iowa, United States. The frame octagon-shaped building was constructed about 1875 in Graceland Cemetery, the towns public cemetery. The buildings architecture has picturesque qualities to it, and it embodies various revival themes. Its narrow, pilastered corners and the entablature along the roof line evoke the Greek Revival, its pointed arch windows and doorways the Gothic Revival, and its wide bracketed eaves the Italianate. Its interior is an open space with built-in benches along the walls. Over the years the building has been used as a place for funerals, a temporary mausoleum, the sexton&#39;s office, and storage. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>German Bank Building of Walnut, Iowa, also known as the Walnut State Bank Building, is a historic building located in Walnut, Iowa, United States. A two-story, brick building was completed on this corner in 1884. It housed a blacksmith shop and a land and loan business  by 1887. The German Savings bank was organized in 1893, and used this building for a short time before it folded the following year. It was reorganized and re-opened in 1898. They renovated the building to its present exterior in the Mission Revival style in 1916, and the interior in 1920. The interior renovation was done by the St. Louis Bank Equipment Company. The Walnut Telephone Company began as a tenant on the second floor in 1919. While German immigrants remained in control, the bank&#39;s name was changed to American State Bank in 1920 because of anti-German sentiment following World War I. It was reorganized in 1923 as the Walnut State Bank. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office and Customshouse in Everett, Washington served as the city&#39;s main post office from 1917 to 1964. It has also been known as Federal Building. The building, designed in the Neoclassical form by Oscar Wenderoth, now houses the offices of the Chicago Title Company.</p><br>
<p>The two-story building&#39;s front facade features eight Greek Ionic columns. The reinforced concrete structure is finished with Wilkinson sandstone and granite quarried in Index.</p><br>
<p>On August 6, 1975, the building, then home to the Bureau of Indian Affairs, was bombed by an unknown assailant at the same time as a federal building in Tacoma.</p><br>
<p>The bureau turned the building over to the General Services Administration in the late 1990s, who prepared it for a possible sale. The city of Everett sought to acquire the building as the home to a museum, but faced competition from the Tulalip Tribes, who planned to house a post office in the building. Ultimately, the building was acquired in 2000 by the Henry Cogswell College for use as its main campus and renovated at a cost of $2 million. The college closed in 2006, selling the building to private developers in 2008 for $2.4 million. The Chicago Title Company moved into the building in 2009.</p><br>
<p>State Savings Bank, also known as the Old Savings Bank, is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. the bank was established in 1889, and was originally located across the street. Planning for this building began in 1941 with the organization of the State Investment Company, which would build and own the building. It was designed by W.G. Knoebel and built by St. Louis-based Bank Building and Equipment Corporation of America. It is a late example of Art Deco, and its the only building in Council Bluffs that exhibits this style. Two-thirds of the building is a single-story banking facility, and the rest is divided into two-stories of office space. It has one of the first drive-through teller windows in Iowa. The rectangular buildings exterior is finished in gray limestone on two elevations, and a wrap-around continuation on a third. Its primary decorative feature is an inscribed harvest motif on the east and west elevations that are mirror images of each other, oriented to the north. The motif features a male nude holding a wagon wheel and a scythe, with sheaves of wheat and a dog.</p><br>
<p>The bank changed its name to State Bank & Trust in 1967, and continued to operated from here until 1978. The building sat empty for five years when it was renovated for use by State Investment Company and other offices. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The building now houses a branch office of Great Western Bank.</p><br>
<p>The Sacred Heart-Gros Cap Church is a church located at N903 Gros Cap Road in Moran Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area around what is now the small community of Gros Cap, Michigan was likely uninhabited until about 1840. A small settlement was established around that time, and slowly grew throughout the nineteenth century, populated substantially by fishermen. By 1892 Gros Cap was large enough for a post office. However, Catholic residents of Gros Cap were served by the mission in St. Ignace, reached primarily by water, and occasional visits from the mission&#39;s priest who held services in the local township hall.</p><br>
<p>In 1917, Gros Cap residents met to raise funds for the construction of a church in the settlement. Land was donated, and construction commenced in 1918. Construction was completed in 1919. The church served as a mission of the St. Ignace church, and was attended to by the St. Ignace pastor, until 1967 when the church was closed. In 1979, the Diocese of Marquette gave Moran Township the church, on condition the township preserve the church as a historic landmark. The township renovated the building.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Gros Cap church is a rectangular gabled wood frame structure covered with clapboard painted white. The front facade is symmetric, with a double-door center entrance in a projecting square tower. The tower has a pointed-arch stained glass window above the doors, and three small circular windows, one in each side of the tower, above. The tower culminates in an eight-sided point with a cross atop. Two pointed-arch lancet windows filled with stained glass flank the tower; eight similar windows line each side of the church. Windows are surrounded by green wood trim. The interior contains a wooden Gothic altar and altarpiece, altar rail, pews, confessional, and rear gallery.</p><br>
<p>The Pearl Street Historic District of Burlington, Vermont encompasses part of the citys first major east-west transportation arteries, which developed from a fashionable residential area in the early 19th century to its present mixed use. It contains one of the citys highest concentrations of early Federal period architecture, as well as a number of fine Queen Anne and Colonial Revival houses. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>When Burlington was founded in the 18th century, Pearl Street was laid out as the preferred route between the waterfront and the industrial area of the Winooski Falls on the Winooski River, bypassing a deep ravine (since filled in) to the south. The street was named for Stephen Pearl, a farmer who operated a tavern and store on the route, roughly opposite the University of Vermont (UVM) campus. The portion of the street between that area and Church Street developed in the late 18th and early 19th century as a fashionable residential area, and it is where a number of prominent businessmen and merchants built fine Federal style homes, a number of which still stand today. When Burlingtons street grid was first laid out in the 19th century, Pearl Street formed the grids northern boundary, and the street today divides north-south streets designated "North" and "South" in their names. Later in the 19th century, these larger estates were subdivided for further residential development, and the fine Federal houses became interspersed with high quality Queen Anne and later Colonial Revival houses. The lower end, near Church Street, became increasingly commercialized.</p><br>
<p>The historic district extends along Pearl Street from Clarke Street in the west to Willard Street in the east. It covers about 22 acre, much of which is residential in character. The western end of the district has become somewhat commercialized, and abuts the Head of Church Street Historic District, while the eastern end abuts the University Green Historic District of the UVM campus. Most of the buildings are residential, 1-1/2 to 3 stories in height, and are typically of wood frame or brick construction. The district extends a short way south on South Winooski Street to include the First Congregational Church, a fine Greek Revival period building constructed in 1842.</p><br>
<p>Luční hora , is the cumulonimbus mountain located in the Krkonoše mountains about 5.5 km northwest of the town Pec pod Sněžkou and 4 km east of the town Špindlerův Mlýn to which cadastral belongs. It is the second highest mountain in the Czech Republic and the highest peak of the Bohemian ridge. The mountain peak is a plain, flat and relatively large. To the north and west side of the mountain occurs avalanche slopes. The mountain is located in Zone I of Krkonoše National Park.</p><br>
<p>Geologically, the mountain is formed of schist, shaped into clusters, intersected by quartzite. In the Czech Republic it is a unique example of cruised and polygonal soils. There can also be found cryoplanatial terraces and stone seas.</p><br>
<h2>Spring area</h2><br>
<p>Luční hora, along with ancillary Studniční hora is a major mountain springs area. On the southeast slope in Sedmiroklí stems Modrý potok flowing into Úpa. From the saddle between Zadní planina and Luční hora flows Svatopetrský potok into the Elbe. Some other smaller streams are also flowing into this creek. In southern slope runs almost from the top of the mountain Pramenný potok. On the southwest slope springs Lovčí potok and Hrázní potok. To the north stems numerous small unnamed streams flowing down to the White Elbe.</p><br>
<h2>Surroundings</h2><br>
<p>On the road to the Modré sedlo between Studniční hora and Luční hora is chapel built in memory of Václav Renner, who died there tragically in 1798. Currently, this memorial is dedicated to all victims of the Krkonoše mountains and on it are written all their names. In the middle distance between memorial and chalet Luční bouda is located Rennerův kříž (Renner&#39;s cross) commemorating the death of Jakub Renner in the year 1868.</p><br>
<p>On the slope of the mountain were in the context of the pre-war fortification works built several bunkers. The one that is closest to the top of the mountain, is thanks to its elevation of 1527 m the uppermost fortifications object in what is now the Czech Republic. Between 1937 and 1938 there was a military cargo cableway from Pec pod Sněžkou to supply building of fortifications with material.</p><br>
<p>The northern slopes of Luční hora covers Bílá louka with a few bogs, on whose northern edge stands chalet Luční bouda.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>There is no marked hiking trail which would go over the top, so it is officially inaccessible. A path leads along the southeastern slope from chalet Výrovka to the memorial of the victims of the mountains and then continues to Luční bouda. From this route slightly deviates winter pole markings. On the southeast slope is also a plaque dedicated to Soviet pilots from World War II. On the west and northwest of the mountain runs Old Buchar&#39;s Trail, which leads the red tourist trail connecting Luční bouda and Špindlerův Mlýn.</p><br>
<p>The Ruth Anne Dodge Memorial, also known as the Black Angel, is a historic object located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. This is the only work in Iowa by the American sculptor Daniel Chester French. The cast bronze sculpture stands along the edge of Fairview Cemetery as a tribute to Ruth Anne Dodge, the wife of railroad magnet Grenville M. Dodge. The 8.5 ft tall angel holds a water basin and is wreathed in laurel. Its pedestal is a representation of a ships prow with a garland swag, carved in pink marble. The pedestal, platform and reflecting pool is the work of New York architect Henry Bacon. The work was commissioned by Dodges daughters Anne Dodge and Ella Dodge Pusey. It represent&#39;s a recurring dream their mother had as she was dying of cancer. An angel with a bowl of water approached her and urged her to drink. During the third occurrence of the dream Mrs. Dodge took a drink and she died not long after.</p><br>
<p>The Pioneer Implement Company, also known as the International Harvester Transfer House, is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. Eli Shugart, Ferdinand Weis and F.R. Davis formed Pioneer Implement Company in 1893, and they built the four-story Late Victorian section of the building the same year. This was during a period of growth in the city&#39;s "Implement District," which is located to the south of the central business district. What made this company standout from the others in the district is that it was locally owned and operated agricultural implement business, rather than one owned by a factory from the east. The company went out of business in 1915 and the building was taken over by International Harvester, which owned the building next door. They added the single story brick addition to the south in 1927. When IH closed their Council Bluffs operation in 1964 they were the only farm implement that was still in business in the Implement District. The building was occupied by various businesses after that, including United Parcel Service. Artspace, Inc. acquired the building and converted it into live/work spaces for artists. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>The Sandwich–Marseilles Manufacturing Building, also known as the Dwarfies/Breeders Supply Building, is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. This building was built by the Sandwich Manufacturing Company and the Marseilles Manufacturing Company in what is known as the Implement District, an industrial area south of the central business district that was home to farm implement manufacturers. The two-story section on the north side was completed in 1883, and the single-story addition on the south side was completed sometime between 1889 and 1891. Marseilles then occupied the addition while Sandwich remained in the original building. There was a shift from agricultural implements to food processing as the area&#39;s business interests began to diversify. Dwarfies Corporation, a cereal manufacturer, took over the building in 1929. It is the only remaining building left in the city to illustrate this shift. The building was damaged in a fire in 1947. Dwarfies rebuilt this building and then built a new factory in 1949 along USA Route 6. Breeders Supply Company, an international mail order business for breeding supplies, moved into this building the following year. They used it as a warehouse for ten years. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<p>The Hughes-Irons Motor Company is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. Floyd Hughes and George Irons established an automobile sales and service business selling Ford cars and tractors. They built the eastern six bay section of this building in 1917. The two-story brick structure exhibits elements of the Mission Revival style. Irons left the partnership three years later and was replaced by Parmer. Hughes-Parmer added the four western bays in 1923, before the business split into two different companies. Parmer maintained the Ford dealership in the original building and Hughes opened a Chevrolet dealership in the addition. Parmer was replaced by the Atlantic Auto Company in 1930. They were the first in a long line of automobile repair shops and dealerships that occupied the original section of the building. Hughes remained in the addition until 1979, although they expanded into the neighboring building to the west in 1944. Restoration of the building began in 2008, reversing the alterations done to its main facade. The local chamber of commerce occupies the main floor, and the second floor was converted into apartments. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Y.M.C.A. Building is a historic building located in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. Construction of the building was partially funded by railroad magnet Grenville M. Dodge. The front section, designed by local architect Frederic E. Cox, was completed in 1909. The pool/gymnasium addition in the rear of the building was designed by Jocheis Jensen, another local architect, and completed in 1931. The front section is four stories tall and exhibits elements of the Colonial Revival and Federal styles. The fourth floor was renovated in 1931 and the shed dormers may have been added at that time. The rear addition is architecturally sympathetic to the original section of the building. The Union Pacific Railroad bought the building in 1929 so the facilities would be available for the men who worked on the railroad during the Great Depression. The local YMCA took over ownership again in 1955. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
